OVERVIEW

Recurrent Patellar Dislocation is a condition characterised by the repetitive displacement of the patella (kneecap) from its normal position within the patellofemoral groove. The patella is a vital component of the knee joint, facilitating smooth movement during flexion and extension. However, in cases of recurrent patellar dislocation, the patella frequently slips out of place, causing discomfort, instability, and potential damage to surrounding structures.

Types of  recurrent patellar dislocation

1. Traumatic dislocation: Often a result of a sudden injury or impact to the knee, traumatic dislocation is common in sports-related incidents or accidents.
2. Atraumatic dislocation: This type occurs without a specific injury and may be attributed to anatomical factors, muscle imbalances, or inherent instability in the knee joint.
3. Congenital dislocation: Some individuals may be predisposed to recurrent patellar dislocation due to congenital factors affecting the alignment of the patella.

Causes of recurrent patellar dislocation

Several factors contribute to the recurrence of patellar dislocation:

1. Anatomical abnormalities: Structural issues such as a shallow patellofemoral groove or abnormal patellar shape can increase the risk of dislocation.
2. Muscle imbalances: Weakness or imbalance in the muscles surrounding the knee, particularly the quadriceps and hamstrings, can lead to instability.
3. Joint laxity: Excessive joint flexibility or laxity can predispose individuals to recurrent dislocation.
4. Previous injuries: Prior injuries to the knee, especially if not adequately treated, may contribute to the likelihood of patellar dislocation.